As queimadas e incêndios emergem como sérias ameaças aos ecossistemas florestais, especialmente na Amazônia, onde a mudança de uso da terra é frequentemente associada a esses eventos, embora fatores meteorológicos, como a escassez de chuvas e altas temperaturas, desempenhem um papel crucial na amplificação desse risco. Nesse contexto o objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar a influência da variabilidade pluviométrica e do desmatamento na ocorrência de focos de calor no município de Tartarugalzinho, no período de 2001 a 2022, considerando a ocorrência dos fenômenos de El Niño e La Niña. Para realização de seu objetivo foram utilizados os dados de precipitação pluviométrica adquiridos do Portal HIDROWEBde três estações pluviométricas situadas no município de Tartarugalzinho que são:Itaubal do Amapá (código 8151000), Tartarugal Grande (código 8150001) e APOREMA (código 8150000); os dados de desmatamento utilizados são sobre corte raso disponíveis no PRODES; e os dados de focos de calor são doportal BDQueimadas,desenvolvido pelo INPE,de satélites de referênciaspara análise de séries históricas. A análise dos dados desdobra-se em duas etapas distintas. Inicialmente, uma análise estatística descritiva fundamenta-se em medidas de tendência central e variabilidade, também realiza análise estatística de dispersão através da correlação de Pearson e regressão linear para identificar a relação entre as variáveis. Posteriormente, foi realizada análise qualitativa dos dados espacializados,onde é utilizada a técnica dos Mapas de Kernel dos dados de focos de calor, shapefile do incremento do desmatamento e a interpolação dos dados das estações pluviométricas, todos processados no Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) QGIS 3.16. Os resultados revelam que a relação de influência do desmatamento para a ocorrência de focos de calor é regular (R=0,4746), ou seja, a associação limitada. O que é confirmado com a espacialização dos dados onde o desmatamento está em área, em sua maioria, de classe média e alta de densidade de focos de calor. A relação entre a precipitação pluviométrica para a ocorrência de focos de calor é fraca (R=0,1326), oferecendo associação não é consistente, tendo pouca relação para a ocorrência de focos de calor, a não ser em eventos extremos de ENOS.

The central theme of this research is to discuss the teaching and learning process of Geography through the application of cartographic and geographic scales using the model as a tool. The study was developed in 2023 with 6th year students at Escola Quilombola Estadual José Bonifácio, located in the community of Curiaú, city of Macapá-AP. The main objective was to analyze the potential of the participatory construction of models for the development of themes related to the geographic space present in the context of the students' experience, using the cartographic scale and the geographic scale to make spatial readings, aiming to develop reasoning geography of students. Methodologically, the study has a qualitative character and was based on the action research method. As procedures for data collection, bibliographical research, field research and media recording were carried out. At the end of the research, it was found that the use of models in the educational context enabled students to exercise mental operations that applied theoretical knowledge, skills and competencies in the construction of models and consequently provided the development of geographic reasoning in students.

Keywords: Cartographic Scale. Geographic Scale. Geographic Reasoning. Teaching Geography. Model.

A pesquisa insere-se nos debates das práticas aplicadas ao ensino do componente curricular geografia e buscou compreender como estudantes da educação básica apreendem a paisagem do Igarapé da Fortaleza em Santana, a partir de diálogos realizados em rodas de conversa. Traz como problema a seguinte indagação: “Como a paisagem do Igarapé da Fortaleza em Santana é percebida/apreendida pelos estudantes da educação básica a partir de diálogos realizados nas aulas de Geografia?”. Como metodologia de ensino e investigação, para atingir o objetivo da pesquisa, utilizou-se a roda de conversa em virtude dela possibilitar a valorização da trajetória do estudante ao mesmo tempo que articula o saber empírico ao científico. A pesquisa mostrou que a paisagem do Igarapé da Fortaleza em Santana é descrita/caracterizada pelos estudantes com elementos de uma paisagem que mescla o rural e o urbano. Em suas falas, os estudantes apresentaram tanto características que remetem a forte influência do meio rural, inclusive com a manutenção de formas e hábitos ribeirinhos, como também dinâmicas próprias de núcleos urbanos.

The advance of the Amazonian agricultural frontier constitutes a reaffirmation of logic
economically excluding which aims to maintain and reproduce the process of modernization of the
territory in the mold of capital with the support of the State. Consider the border as a
space in which reside various historical times is also to conceive of it as a substrate
for the production of different territories in the same space. In Amapá to structure theActions of agribusiness in the expansion of the agricultural frontier there are changes in the policies ofplanning of territories originally constituted by traditional populations, robbing them of the right to own their lands, either legitimately by expulsion from their territories, orsymbolically by the denial of their life trajectories. So this work starts from the assumption that the consequences of the modernization of the Amazonian agricultural frontieron the states focus on the production of the territory through the divergent territorialitiesactive and in the Amapaense field, the agricultural frontier materializes through production grains in the savannah. Thus, the problem consists in understanding how changes in use andland cover between the years 2000 and 2021 organize the production of the territory in twostretches of state highways AP-070 and AP-340? In view of the above, the objective isto analyze the production of the territory in two stretches of the state highways: AP-070/ and AP-340; between the years 2000 and 2021. For this analysis, the concepts of territory, border were usedagricultural, land use and cover, and Amazonian occupation patterns, allowing us to understand theformation of the new agricultural frontier of Amapá and analyze the production of the territory in the area ofinfluence of state highways AP-070/AP-340. Methodological procedureswere based on: bibliographic survey in recent journals, theses, dissertations,technical reports to build the theoretical basis of the discussion and data of use and coverage of theland of the MapBiomas project as a tool to temporally demonstrate the changesoccurred between the years 2000 and 2021. In addition, interviews were conductedsemi-structured both with representatives of public agencies and also withcommunity of a quilombola community that is fully included in the area. The researchshows a relationship between the expansion of the agricultural frontier and the reduction of savannah areas, presenting itself in both physical and symbolic dimensions and producing territoriesdiscontinuous and demarcated by agribusiness thus forming a kind of mosaic in the area. Another notorious process inherent in the border is the conflict, there was an increase in occurrence of conflicts over land according to the data of the Pastoral Land Commission and interviews. It is also noteworthy that the production of the territory in the area can be understood as heterogeneous territories that may be gradually being led to a process of homogenization and although it is considered that the territory cannot disappear in totality; because it is constituted and given legitimacy in symbolic, lived dimensions, there is clearly here an attempt to objectify it, however these populations although cornered, continue to fight, they continue to exist and seek the perpetuation of their trajectories.

It is considered in this research that the geographic space is nature in movement and that the appropriation of this nature by the societies that are formed over time constitutes the territories. These societies through interactions that allow the coexistence of the multiplicity of territorialities that cohabit this space, not always in a harmonious way. Territories, as they are multiple social products, can be analyzed from innumerable group cuts and spatio-temporal scales. It is from this point of view that this work seeks to delve into the analysis of the prostitution of transvestite women and its aspects that constitute the scope of the manifestation of the life of transvestites in the city of Macapá-AP. The objective is to identify the spatialization, spatiality and territoriality of prostitution in the city, its fixity and mobility. In this way, a reflection will be drawn on the scales of relationships: customers, pimps and prostitutes and prostitution and the agents that operate in their viability. To do this, the concepts of space and territory will be presented in order to reflect on the socio-spatial and socio-territorial aspects of prostitution in Macapá. The methodological procedures consist of the following stages: the first stage, in progress, refers to the recognition of the problem and delimitation of the conceptual framework for the approach to the territory, the basic geographic analysis category of this research, gender as a category, gender violence and the body-territory, followed by the survey of the methodological reference for fieldwork; the second stage is the planning and carrying out of field research through demarcation of prostitution points and structured interviews with trans* prostitutes, with a qualitative approach, collecting data and narratives that will later be analyzed from the perspective of psychological reception and analysis of speech; the third, and last stage, corresponds to the analyzes and reflections according to the proposed objectives. Gender violence is involved in a complex relationship between body, power and culture, and reveals how prostitution territories are constituted and the dynamics of socio-spatial changes in these/those territories. In this way, we use an approach of the subject - space - territory relationship, questioning the spatial and territorial actions carried out by this focus group and the dynamics between the territory of prostitution and the transvestite, thus contributing to the production of gender, feminist and of sexualities.

O intuito desta pesquisa foi analisar o padrão espacial e temporal das transformações da paisagem provocadas por ações antrópicas. O objetivo geral foi analisar o padrão espacial e temporal das transformações da paisagem por Desmatamento de Corte Raso, Incidência de Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra na Unidade de Paisagem Floresta do Estado do Amapá entre os anos de 2001 e 2020. Como objetivos específicos tem-se: a) Mapear as áreas transformadas por Desmatamento de Corte Raso, Incidência de Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra entre os anos de 2001 e 2020; b) Analisar o padrão espacial e temporal de transformação da paisagem do Estado do Amapá por Desmatamento de Corte Raso, Incidência de Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra; e c) Apresentar a evolução das transformações da paisagem e ações antrópicas a partir da distribuição espacial e temporal dos Desmatamentos de Corte Raso, Incidência de Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra na Unidade de Paisagem Floresta no Estado do Amapá. Considerando o comportamento dos dados de modificações da paisagem na Unidade Floresta Amapaense tendo como critérios de análise o Desmatamento de Corte Raso, Incidência de Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra, tem-se como hipóteses de pesquisa: a) Que as métricas e taxas de ação antrópica geradas por Desmatamento de Corte Raso, Incidência de Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra ocorrem em maior incidência sobre os limites dos Assentamentos Rurais e em menor intensidade nas Áreas Protegidas como as Unidades de Conservação e Terras Indígenas; b) De maneira geral as transformações da paisagem estão aumentando de forma significativa na Unidade de Paisagem Floresta Amapaense, desencadeadas pela implantação de novos projetos agropecuários e minerários, bem como a intensificação dos usos antrópicos nas áreas de Assentamentos Rurais e Terras Indígenas. Para a execução da pesquisa foi realizada a coleta, a seleção, a quantificação e o levantamento da ocorrência de Desmatamento de Corte Raso no período de 2001 a 2020, disponibilizados pela base de dados com informações pelo Projeto de Monitoramento da Floresta Amazônica por Satélite – PRODES/INPE. Os dados de Incidência de Focos de Calor foram obtidos da plataforma BDQueimadas/INPE que disponibiliza os pontos georreferenciados de ocorrência obtidos por satélites de referência. Os mapeamentos e métricas da Cobertura e Uso da Terra foram obtidos na Plataforma MapBiomas. Os dados de Desmatamento de Corte Raso, Focos de Calor e Cobertura e Uso da Terra foram organizados e sobrepostos ao limite estadual e da Unidade de Paisagem Floresta utilizando como ferramenta o software TerraView. A categoria geográfica utilizada na pesquisa é a paisagem, pois ela é capaz de evidenciar a evolução espacial e temporal das alterações ocorridas na Unidade de Paisagem Floresta Amapaense.

This dissertation aims to analyze the use of digital media in the teaching and learning of geography in high school at the Professor José Barroso Tostes State School in the municipality of Santana-AP with the elaboration of a diagnosis with the weaving of propositions on the subject under analysis. Digital media has been presenting itself as a significant didactic resource, especially in COVID-19 pandemic times, for geography teachers in their classes. However, for this resource to be efficient, it is necessary that teachers have full mastery of the use of techniques and methodology to be used in pedagogical activities. This research contextualizes the difficulties of educators regarding the use of digital media as a pedagogical resource, in addition to identifying its pedagogical practices in the teaching of geography in high school at the aforementioned school institution, in order to make an analysis of the reality of teaching and learning. geography linked to the use of these digital media. Regarding the methodological procedures, the research is characterized as a quantitative and qualitative approach, based on dialogical studies: ethnographic, historical and documentary, based on authors such as Bourdieu (2006), Bazzo (2011), Young (2007), Castelar (2003), Tardif (2002), Cavalcanti (2010, 2011, 2017), among others, in order to contemplate the empirical analyzes through the important references cited. In view of the above, it is intended to achieve the following results i) effective characterization of the José Barroso Tostes state school environment taking into account the physical structure and pedagogical organization; ii) carrying out a diagnosis taking into account the potential, problems, limits and challenges inherent in the use of social media in high school geography; iii) presentation of alternative didactic proposals that aim to achieve improvements in the teaching and learning process within the scope of school geography through the use of digital media.

The present study aims to analyze the recent territorialities caused by the advance of capital in agriculture. The theme is related to socio-territorial conflicts in the cerrado of Amapa. The problem raised in this work is: what socio-territorial transformations have been provoked by the expansion of capitalist agriculture? The general objective is to understand the impacts caused by capitalist agriculture on the traditional peoples and communities of the cerrado in the micro-region of Macapá/AP. The research is structured through dialectical historical materialism based on the understanding of the production of territory and the role of socio-territorial movements. We opted for the explanatory-descriptive study, for the quali-quantitative analysis, with field research procedures, based on oral interviews (recorded) with representatives of social movements of the quilombola peoples, agents of rural communities, with representatives of the State (agents of public agencies and secretaries), of groups focused on capitalist agriculture. In the interviews, references from each sector will be used. Quantitative data will be collected from agencies such as IBGE, CPT, Embrapa, RURAP and INCRA, because both the qualitative interviews will guide the understanding of the phenomenon of socio-territorial disputes and the data will be useful to quantify and territorialize the conflicts. It is hoped that the result of this work will contribute to reflections on the different modes of territorial organization, allowing the understanding of the ways of life and socio-territorial conflicts that exist as a result of capitalist agricultural exploration and the resistance of peasants to develop their activities.

The different models of occupation that were established in the Amazonian territory, and consequently in Amapá, reveal the different forms of appropriation and use of their territories, a consequence of the capitalist production relations now established. The way society starts to organize itself, due to this new way of producing, are guiding elements, which allow a historical reading of this process that reverberates in the capitalist production of the territory surrounding the APA da fazendinha. In Amapá, land use is presented from different perspectives. The environmental bias is one of these scenarios, which echoes in contemporary society, as an urgent discourse of planetary survival. The environmental preservation, built in the implementation of UC is, in fact, a governmental geopolitics, in order to assure to the State, the domain and control of portions of the territory. The globalized economy, enters and consolidates in the territory of Amapá, a new social relation with land, sustained in the possession of juridical instruments, guaranteeing to the capital, new ways of expansion and obtaining profit, through land ownership of the land.  Faced with this scenario, the use of land was legitimized as a strategy in capitalist logic, producing and/or generating population concentration movements around privileged areas. This research intends to reflect and analyze how the advance of capitalist relations of production occurs in the vicinity of APA da Fazendinha, through the use and appropriation of this area. The basic concept that permeates this research is that of territory, as it is this category that enables multiple readings to understand socio-territorial realities. The different visions of the territory offer important contributions to understand the transformations in the territory of Amapá, based on the theoretical-conceptual discussions of Gottmann (2012), Raffestin (1993), Moraes (2008), Calabi and Endovina (1973), Moraes and Costa ( 1987), Souza (2000) and Oliveira (1978, 2007 and 2003). Due to the nature of the research object of study and to achieve the proposed objectives, Dialectical Historical Materialism was used. For the methodological procedures, the systematization and analysis of the documentary sources of creation of the APA, produced by SEMA and survey of the land situation with the SPU-AP, INCRA-AP, SEMA, PMM, AMAPÁ TERRAS and the Macapá Property Registry were carried out , field survey, with semi-structured interviews with SEMA, PMM, SPU-AP, PRODEMAC, INCRA-AP, AMAPA TERRA; application of questionnaires with the oldest residents of the surroundings of the APA, residents of the identified neighborhoods in the buffer zone and real estate developers, which unfolded in photographic records, qualitative analysis of data production of thematic maps. As a result, it was confirmed that the urban pressure exerted around the APA is a reflection of the urbanization process that the cities of Macapá and Santana are experiencing. This is due to the presence of developers, which in recent years have been promoting a process of land valuation in cities, promoting a population advance to trigger disordered, subnormal and/or spontaneous occupations, as well as potentially degrading activities, among which, the deforestation, destruction of habitats, dumping of domestic waste, fires, invasions that tend to impact the existence and maintenance of this UC.

The present dissertation entitled geography of gender violence in the countryside: the Bom Jesus dos Fernandes agrarian reform settlement in Amapá had as its theme gender violence in peasant territory in Amapá and started with the following problem: How is gender violence configured in the process of territorialization of Agrarian Reform Settlements in Amapá? The general objective was to analyze the configuration of gender violence in the territorialization process of the Bom Jesus dos Fernandes Agrarian Reform Settlement in Amapá. In this sense, the specific objectives are: to analyze the appropriation of the territory from the gender category and the territorialities of peasant women; to characterize Gender Violence in the peasant territory of the Bom Jesus dos Fernandes agrarian reform settlement, specifically with regard to the inseparability of body and territory. The research subjects were women from the Bom Jesus Fernandes settlement. The study revealed that violence in these territories is the product of a coloniality present in the individual and consequently in the territories, given that they are produced from power relations.

The work deals with the geoecological compartmentalization of the low course of the Oiapoque river basin, located in the northern part of the State of Amapá, Brazil. The Oiapoque River is the main tributary of the basin, which covers one of the most unique areas of the State of Amapá, historically marked by an intense and broad dynamics of land use and natural resources. The cross-border watershed of the Oiapoque River covers part of the State of Amapá, Brazil, and part of French Guiana, French Overseas Department, with about 32,000 km² of area and extension of the main river of 352 km, from the springs (Tumucumaque Mountains National Park) to the mouth (Atlantic Ocean). It presents a variety of landscape units and economic activities that are interconnected to multiple uses of water, which causes an overload in natural resources. In this context, this research aims to delimit and analyze the geoecological units present in the low course of the Oiapoque River hydrographic basin, discussing the potentialities and weaknesses that each compartment presents in relation to anthropic activities developed in the area, having as theoretical and methodological support the Geoecology of Landscapes and geoprocessing techniques. In methodological terms, the research followed phases applying geoecological analysis, which were: organization and inventory, analysis, diagnosis and propositional. To this end, maps were elaborated on the scale of 1:1,500,000, aided by more detailed surveys on a local scale, also supporting the elaboration of the land use and land cover map. From the integrated analyses between physical-natural and anthropogenic components, it was possible to delimit the seven geoecological units of the low course of the hydrographic basin, which are: wide and soft hills, dissected hills and low hills, low hills and low hills, marine river plains, conserved flattened surfaces, retouched or degraded flattened surfaces and dissected boards. The geoecological units were essential for the discussion about the potentialities and weaknesses, as well as to subsidize integrated management strategies for the reality of the basin, where the aspects already mentioned were taken into account, making a correlation with the land use and occupation of the perimeter of the hydrographic basin.

The present research aimed to analyze the socio-spatial transformations in the landscape of the Island of Santana-AP, based on the category Socio-Spatial Formation, theorized by the Brazilian geographer Milton Santos and, allied to the understanding of the research proposal, the category Landscape was worked as a basic element for understanding the socio-spatial dynamics of the study area. The work contributed to the development of knowledge and skills regarding technical-scientific investigations and their unfolding in the search for a quality product, awakening a holistic and critical view of the structure and configuration of landscape and space, understanding that both are results of social relations and practices that have been happening throughout its historical-spatial context.  The Ilha de Santana has a socio-spatial formation that is linked to the military interventions in the region by the Portuguese government of the time, King Philip IV, around the years 1637 and later by the pombaline policies in the region (1750-1777), and the island had owners, Bento Maciel Parente (hereditary captaincy) and Francisco Portilho de Melo (village) raised by Governor Mendonça Furtado in one of his visits to the region of Grão-Pará. The Ilha de Santana is located on the left bank of the mouth of the Amazon River, thus suffering the influence of the urban dynamics that has the river as its main ally in the geographic configuration of the region. Thus, the socio-spatial transformations in Ilha de Santana, come from its historical trajectory over the spatial-time, as already said Milton Santos (2020). In the current context of Ilha de Santana, the configuration of landscape and space, carry their historical traces and come together with economic and sociocultural actions, giving a dynamic and transformations in its landscape and space. This is evident, for example, when we see areas being occupied by people who are looking for a place to live, thus causing a densification and the problems that the urbanization process causes in spaces without an infrastructure that meets the desires of the community that occupies these living spaces. Therefore, the alterations and changes in the landscape and space of Ilha de Santana are visible.

This research aims to analyze the socio-spatial segregation in the production of Macapa's urban space, taking the wetland “ressaca” anthropized area of the Canal do Jandiá as a case study, comprising the time frame from 2011 to 2020, when the State’s actions had greater impacts on segregation in this area. Therefore, the concepts of urbanization, urban segregation, and production of urban space are fundamental in understanding the spatial arrangements of wetlands, locally known as “ressacas”, which are occupied by the low-income population. The research methodology is of interdisciplinary qualitative-quantitative nature and involved bibliographic, documentary, and empirical studies. The bibliographic study aims to build the conceptual basis of the research; the documentary seeks to identify and analyze the legislation aimed at the wetlands of Macapá and the aspects that characterize the socio-spatial segregation in these environments. The empirical consists in the collecting information through semi-structured interviews with representatives of the Resident’s Associations of the Pacoval neighborhood and the Macapaba Housing Estate. The research revealed that the interventions of the State in the “ressaca” areas in Macapá, specifically in the Pacoval neighborhood, are partial and, in the case of the “ressaca” of Canal do Jandiá (an integrant part of this neighborhood), the population transferred to the Macapaba Housing Estate had access to housing, but without sufficient supply of services and urban infrastructure that would have a positive impact on their quality of life. In this way, the actions of public agents maintained the process of production of a city marked by socio-spatial segregation and urban planning has shown itself to be incapable of meeting social and environmental demands insofar as its actions are punctual and not systemic, especially in “ressaca” areas.

The housing policy of social interest aims to promove housing to the low income population and perhaps taking these families from areas that are considered inappropriate to live. In Macapa city, capital of Amapa state, the areas that are considerate inappropriate to live are nominated “hangover areas” that behave as natural reserves of water, suffering the effects of the rain and the tides. have as base the population grown and perhaps the demand of habitation regardless the level of income, the occupation of these areas is a reality that is more and more constant. this way A research was developed based on the general objective of analyzing the territorial effects caused by the implementation of housing policy of social interest,  from the study of the case “Macapaba Housing Set I and II”, that corresponds  the biggest housing sat ever made on the city with more than 4000 housing unities intended to the low improve population, but the infrastructure of service sports and leisure offered by the public state power. to get to the objective approached a descriptive methodology used in the bibliographic research technique, documental, field study, photographic survey and field diary. The study divides in three sections: housing of social interest to have the knowledge of the genesis of this process well as it happens in the country; urban expansion and the stilts housing, showing the process of the city growing and the occupation of the hangover areas in the city, comparing with the hangovers that were attended by the set. The results show that the hangover areas attended by the housing set were effectively unoccupied, adding to the recuperation of the native vegetation of these áreas

The historical process of expansion of the urban nucleus of Laranjal do Jari-Amapa, was marked by the accelerated and irregular growth and without planning. This is associated with the occurrence of negative environmental and social impacts. Thus, the present research has as its theme: Socio-environmental impacts resulting from the use and occupation of land in the urban area of Laranjal do Jari-Amapa. The concepts of the Theory of Geosystems were used in order to subsidize the studies for classifying degrees of environmental fragility in the area. The research focused on the identification and characterization of the socio-environmental impacts resulting from the use and occupation of urban land in Laranjal do Jari. This is an applied research, with a qualitative and quantitative approach and with a descriptive, exploratory and empirical analysis, guided by the use of bibliographic and documentary research, in addition to the collection of field data. Identified and characterized the socio-environmental impacts resulting from the use and occupation of urban land in the municipality, having as a spatial cut, areas of floodplain and dissected plateau. Areas susceptible to risk to geomorphic processes and floods were identified, relating environmental problems to use, land cover and social issues. As a result, four (04) maps were prepared for the urban area of Laranjal do Jari, based on thematic Information Plans (IP): Geology (G), Geomorphology (R), Pedology (S) and Vegetation (V). This information helped to define two Geosystems for the area: Geosystem 1 - represented by the Amazonian Plain, covers about 29.7% of the urban area of the municipality and is characterized by the fluvial plain of the Jari River, indicating a flat area, under the effects of the flooding processes of the Jari River; Geosystem 2 - represented by the Uatumã-Jari Plateau, encompasses 70.3% of the urban area of the municipality, being at risk from geomorphic processes, such as: erosive processes (laminar; concentrated flow: furrows and gullies); and mass movements (slips, landslides). All the information collected, together with the data collected in the field work, allowed the elaboration of the Environmental Fragility Map of the urban area of Laranjal do Jari, which allowed the individualization of two (02) Basic Territorial Units (BTU): one with a degree of  MEDIUM fragility (2.1), located in the Uatumã-Jari Planalto Dissecado area, where erosive geomorphic processes and mass movements dominate; and another, with a VERY STRONG degree of fragility (2.8), in the Flood Plain region, where flood events associated with the floods of the Jari River and pluvial weather events prevail. Indeed, it is believed that the results and products/maps resulting from this research will greatly contribute to the urban planning of the municipality of Laranjal do Jari, as well as to the understanding of the potential and limitations of use and occupation of urban space, subsidizing decisions of managers. municipal and state, as well as the Civil Defense, Fire Department and civil society entities in general.

The variation of the elements of climate results from a non-static atmosphere that can change in location over time and scale. The aspects of precipitation in Amazônia and Amapá have an influence on the hydrological cycle. It is a primary factor in the flow of the watershed. The products of the TRMM satellite and rain gauges are used to observe the climatic variability within watersheds obtaining results in the understanding of the variability and correlation with the hydrology of rivers. In this sense, it aimed to analyze the climatic characteristics and their influence on the river dynamics for the Oiapoque river basin using the TRMM satellite. To analyze the characteristics of the river dynamics through the fluviometric data, for the river basin. Understand the relationship and influence of climate on river dynamics. In order to establish a preliminary study of this relationship between precipitation and flow. Thus a series of flow and precipitation data from the rainfall stations and TRMM, product 3B43v7, from 1981 to 2019 were used, from these data were statistically treated using methods of comparison and statistical correlation. From the analyses performed, it was concluded that the TRMM satellite precipitation estimates have consistent accuracy for the Oiapoque River basin. They are able to reproduce values similar to those of the rainfall stations studied. The multitemporal analysis of climate variability provided by the 3B43v7 product using the PR sensor provided a very satisfactory rainfall spatialization parameter showing how precipitation volumes behave over the years. The correlation results between the data showed good agreement of the variants. Precipitation and flow measurements are linked to the displacement of the ITCZ and the El Nino and La Nino phenomena. An additional advantage of satellite precipitation estimates is the filling of gaps in areas where no rainfall stations exist or where rainfall stations are close to each other. Finally, the understanding of the net inflow elements in the water flow of a watershed is very important, due to the fact that this knowledge assists in planning for water resource management, development of large intervention projects in the watershed, such as hydropower construction, navigation strategies, and its relationship with precipitation that has a direct impact on the water balance, thus influencing the existing natural environments at the mouth of the watershed.

Keywords: Watershed; Satellite TRMM; Precipitation; Climate Variability

Variability.