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DIEGO QUARESMA FERREIRA
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Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a set of metabolic disorders, which are clinically characterized by hyperglycemia, a problem that is caused by reproduction in the production or action of insulin in the body. Poor adherence to treatment is one of the main obstacles to disease control. Natural products, widely used in traditional medicine of the Amazonian population, can be a potential source for the discovery of new products. Libidibia ferrea is a native plant of the Brazilian flora that presents several biological activities, among them, an antidiabetic. Objective: To evaluate Acute Toxicity (AT) in adult zebrafish and embryos, and antidiabetic activity hydroethanolic extract of fruits of Libidibia ferrea (EHEFLf) in zebrafish with diabetes induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxane. Methodology: EHEFLf was administered to adult zebrafish at a dose of 2g / kg for acute toxicity study and for embryos at doses of 25, 50, 125, 250, 500 mg / L (as recommended by OECD 425 and 236, respectively). Hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 350 mg / kg alloxane. Hyperglycemic animals were kept for 7 days with EHEFL at doses of 50, 75, 150, 300 mg / kg. In addition to the groups that received water, 1% propylene glycol solution and metformin 2.4 mg / kg. Results: No adult animal, although showing no behavioral signs of toxicity, alters histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys; AT in embryos also presents toxicity and morphological / teratogenic changes. There is no antidiabetic test, or EHEFLf at all doses, highly significant activity in relation to the water resource and SP1% groups. Conclusion: The present study described the 2g / kg dose, although EHEFLf does not cause behavioral damage, neither death, it has toxicity in the liver and kidneys of zebrafish; in embryos, EHEFLf alters morphological / teratogenic changes at high highs: 250 and 500 mg / kg; while an antiabetic activity was proven, significantly lowering glucose levels in all groups: 50, 75, 150 and 300 kg / kg, compared to water and SP1% group, and improvements of other biochemical tests.
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Orientador : ANNA ELIZA MACIEL DE FARIA MOTA OLIVEIRA
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Data: 25/10/2020
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Diabetes Mellitus; Caesalpinia; Toxicity; Zebrafish.
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BIANCA LIFFEY BRITO MARINO
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PLANNING OF DRUG CANDIDATE PROTOTYPES FOR THE TREATMENT OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE: IN SILICO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION
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Data: 02/10/2020
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Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second neurodegenerative disease that affects society, especially in individuals over 60 years of age, and its pathophysiology is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons, thus decreasing dopamine production. One of the forms of treatment of PD is the inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), in which recent studies have identified natural products with this activity. One of the safest and fastest ways to study PD is using the animal model ZebraFish, as it has the brain structure of the dopaminergic system with more than 80% compatibility with humans. Objective: Thus, the objective of the study was to design molecules, using in silico methodologies, with MAO-B inhibitory activity, based on natural products, perform the synthesis and test them in vivo. Methodology: A search was made in the literature on natural antiparkinsonian products; subsequently, four were selected for studies, in silico, of pharmacophore derivation, prediction of pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties and molecular docking. With that, it was possible to design three molecules with possible MAO-B inhibitory activity and synthesize them, in order to perform the tests in vivo. Results and discussions: We selected 4 natural products that showed in vitro and / or in vivo antiparkinsonian activity and the drug Selegiline, which was used as a standard molecule for comparison in the in silico study. For pharmacokinetic analyzes, natural products showed satisfactory results and, for the prediction of toxicological properties, natural products showed between low or no toxicity. In docking, molecular all natural products interacted with more than three amino acids from the active site of MAO-B indicating that they have interaction with the enzyme and suggesting the probable inhibitory activity. After the analysis, Amburoside A was selected as a prototype for the modifications and then 3 analogs (PMC1, PMC2 and PMC3) were obtained with a result between average and good synthetic viability and all three showed a prediction of MAO inhibition activity. Later, the prototypes were synthesized, and due to the fact that PMC3 does not have activity studies described in the literature, it was selected for the acute toxicity test in vivo in the Zebrafish model. Conclusions: The planned molecules showed good results in silico, in addition to having good synthetic viability, they also did not manifest toxicity in Zebrafish, being a possible candidate for a safe drug.
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LUANA ALBUQUERQUE LIMA
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EVALUATION OF THE REPELLENT ACTIVITY OF NANOEMULSIONS BASED ON ESSENTIAL OIL OF Baccharis reticularia AND THREE MAJOR CONSTITUENTS IN Tribolium castaneum
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Data: 08/09/2020
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Introduction: The use of chemical products to control agricultural pests is widespread today. Thus, studies on the use of essential oils and substances extracted from plants with biological activity have become promising for pest control, such as Tribolium castaneum. Activities that involve insecticidal and repellent action found on plants are of great interest to combat these insects. Considering that the agricultural pest, T. castaneum present in stored grains causes great financial loss for grain producers, new strategies Objective: Thus, the objective was to develop nanoformulations based on essential oil from Baccharis reticularia DC and three of its main constituents, R - (+) - limonene, α-pinene and β-pinene, and to evaluate repellent action against the insect Tribolium castaneaum.. Methodology: The stabilities of the four nanoemulsions were developed and evaluated in specific periods for each one. As well as the evaluation of these nanoemulsions with possible repellent activity in different concentrations against T. castaneum. Results and discussion: The results were promising, the nanoemulsions showed kinetic stability for a longer period than is generally evaluated in studies, which proved the possibility of developing a large scale product based on essential oil, with greater bioavailability and specificity. The concentrations tested against T. castaneum had excellent results, mainly at higher concentrations, such as 17.6 and 8.8 ug / mg-2, classified by McDonalds with the highest repellency index (Class V). Conclusions: The nanoemulsions showed a repellent action and were shown to be kinetically stable during the analyzed period. Keywords: Rosemary-of-the-beach; Brown beetle; Agricultural pests; Nanoformulations
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MONIQUE YOKO MARTINS KAWAKAMI
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AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE LEISHMANICIDA in vitro E in vivo DE NANOEMULSÃO DO ÓLEO DE SUCUPIRA (Pterodon emarginatus Vogel) EM MODELO ANIMAL.
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Orientador : ANNA ELIZA MACIEL DE FARIA MOTA OLIVEIRA
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Data: 28/08/2020
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Introdução: A leishmaniose é uma das doenças infecciosas mais importantes do mundo, segundo a OMS. Distribuída em vários países das Américas, temos a Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) causada pela Leishmania (L) amazonensis, que possui uma grande capacidade de causar deformidades, além disso, o tratamento é bastante incômodo ao paciente, o que tem levado à busca por novos fármacos. Objetivo: Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a potencial atividade leishmanicida, frente ao protozoário da LTA, de uma nanoformulação para uso tópico obtida a partir do oleoresina dos frutos de Pterodon emarginatus. Material e métodos: O teste utilizado para o estudo in vitro foi o ensaio colorimétrico de resazurina que avaliou a IC50 de uma nanoemulsão, obtida por um método de baixo aporte de energia, composta por um par de tensoativos (monooleato de sorbitano e o polissorbato 80), OS e água (NEOS5), contra promastigotas de L. amazonensis. O ensaio in vivo avaliou a eficácia da formulação polissorbato 80 (6,26%) monooleato de sorbitano (3,73%), etanol 96% (2%), OS (20%) e água (68%) (NEOS20) em associação a um medicamento de referencia , o antimoniato de Meglumina (Glucantime®), no tratamento de lesões causadas por L. (L) amazonensis em 4 grupos de animais. Resultados e discussão: Após 48h de incubação a NEOS5 apresentou melhor resultado na inibição parasitária com IC50 de 21,83 ± 1,09 ppm, enquanto o OS não encapsulado apresentou IC50 de 32,38 ±3,87ppm. Diante deste resultado seguiu-se para o estudo in vivo, onde observou-se que a lesão com maior redução de tamanho foi a do grupo tratado com a combinação de Glucantime® e NEOS20, com redução de 41%. A lesão passou de 7,4 ± 0,62mm para 4,3 ± 0,88mm durante o período de tratamento, além de apresentar melhor resolução do processo inflamatório e cicatricial, diminuição da carga parasitária na lesão e diminuição dos nivesis de citocinas. Conclusão: A utilização tópica de NEOS20 combinada com Glucantime® apresentou os melhores resultados, melhorando o aspecto geral das lesões e diminuindo significativamente as interleucinas IL10 e IFN-g, indicando uma possível atividade antiinflamatória e cicatrizante da formulação proposta frente ao modelo de leishmaniose tegumentar.
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AMANDA FURTADO DE ALMEIDA
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AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICA, QUÍMICA E DE MICRO-ORGANISMOS PATOGÊNICOS EMGARRAFADAS EXAROPES APREENDIDOS EM OPERAÇÕES POLICIAIS NO ESTADO DO AMAPÁ.
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Data: 30/07/2020
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O uso de preparações medicinais como garrafadas e xaropes são muito utilizadas, devido a sua tradicionalidade de uso na terapêutica popular. As garrafadas, produtosde misturas de plantas com fins medicinais veiculados em bebidas alcoólicas, não possuem uma legislação que as regulamentem e comisso, podegerar um grande risco para a população por serem apresentados com inúmeras indicações terapêuticas e sem contra indicação. Com a manipulação caseira, sem o cumprimento das boas práticas defabricação, o que pode carrear ao final do processo, contaminação por micro-organismos patogênicos, e por se tratar de uma mistura não se tem o conhecimento das substâncias presentes, adicionadas ou não, podem causar mal para quemas utiliza. Neste contexto, as operações policiais têm se intensificado para combater o comércio e a produção destes preparados visandoresguardar a população. Objetivos:Aregião Amazônica possui uma grande diversidade em sua flora e ainda, possui a cultura de consumo destas preparações medicinais como as garrafadas, e nesse sentido, objetivou este trabalho a avaliar as características físicas, químicas e a qualidade microbiológica de xaropes e garrafadas, suspeitas de adulteração apreendidas pela Polícia Ténico Científica do Amapá -POLITEC.Métodos:Entreos testes empregadosforam realizados,a análise física (pH e grau brix°), análise química por espectrômetrode massa de ressonância de íon ciclotron com transformada de Fourier(FT-ICR MS) e investigação microbiológica de fungos e bactérias patógenas(Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonellaspp. e Staphylococcus aureus) através da técnica de semeadura por superfície.Resultados e Discussão:As amostras das garrafadas e xaropesobtiveram valores de pH ácido, o que pode causar instabilidade química aos componentes e com relação ao teor de grau brix° as amostras estavam dentro dos padrões. A partir da análise química foi possível elucidar a presença de alguns compostos relacionados as plantas descritas nos rótulos e ausência de substânciassintéticas. O resultado da avaliação microbiológica detectou a presença de Staphylococcusspp. em quatro amostras e ainda, em dois xaropes “xarope de cumaru” e “xarope de quebra pedra e boldo” ocorreu o crescimento de fungos, no entanto, dentro dos limites estabelecidos na Farmacopeia Brasileira paraeste micro-organismo. Conclusão:Contudo, é necessário regulamentação desses produtos fabricados de forma irregular, pois não há como garantir a eficácia, sobretudo a segurança para seus consumidores.
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DANILO DHEYVISON NASCIMENTO PUREZA
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Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity and Antigenotoxicity of Nanoencapsulated ellagic acid.
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Orientador : MOACIR DE AZEVEDO BENTES MONTEIRO NETO
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Data: 10/07/2020
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Introduction: Ellagic acid is a naturally occurring phenolic phytochemical belonging to the group of ellagitannins, which in turn belong to the group of hydrolyzable tannins of polyphenols. The same can be found in plants in their free form, or in the form of ellagitannins, and in the cell membrane. Zeina is a natural polymer whose biological potential has also gained attention. Objectives: To evaluate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, antigenotoxic and histopathological potential of nanoencapsulated ellagic acid by the in vivo test system. Methodology: The method used to determine the cytotoxic effect was determined by calculating the nuclear division index (IDN). To determine genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity, the micronucleus test method was used in peripheral blood cells of male Swiss mice from the Vivarium of the State University of Campinas. For genotoxic evaluation, the animals were treated with nanoencapsulated ellagic acid (ZNP-EA); ellagic acid in free solution (EAS) and blank nanoparticles (BNZp) each solution with a concentration of 5.3 mg / kg p. c .. Peripheral blood samples were collected 24, 48 hours 7, 14 and 21 days for the subchronic treatment. For the antigenotoxic effect, the animals were treated with pre-established concentrations, followed by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin - DXR (15 mg / kg p. C.). Results and discussion: The administered substances did not show genotoxic activity compared to the negative control group. However, when administered with DXR they showed an antigenotoxic activity with a reduction rate of 92.01% in 48 hours compared with the positive control group showing that it was able to decrease micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes. There was no cytotoxicity in the tested substances and the Histopathological result revealed that there was no toxicity in relation to the liver, spleen, heart and kidney organs. Conclusion: The results reinforce the potential of ellagic acid in combination with zein, providing its great antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential. Key words: Ellagic acid; Nanoencapsulation; Micronucleus; toxicity; Mutagenicity.
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JARDEL PACHECO QUEIROZ
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Estudo in vitro da atividade antitumoral em células de glioma por lapachol emulsificado em fibroína da seda.
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Data: 19/06/2020
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INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer é uma doença que tem crescido exponencialmente nos últimos anos. O tratamento na maioria das vezes é extremamente agressivo ao paciente, pois inclui altas doses de quimioterapia, radioterapia ou procedimentos cirúrgicos. O Glioblastoma é um tipo de tumor desenvolvido em células do tronco encefálico, progenitores gliais e astrócitos no sistema nervoso central, é o subtipo mais maligno de glioma. Os produtos naturais são fontes promissoras para a descoberta de novas drogas. O lapachol é uma susbtância de origem natural extraído da casca do ipê-roxo (Tabebuia impetiginosa), pertencente a família das quinonas, consagrado na literatura científica como um veemente antitumoral, e a fibroína, proteína extraída do bicho da seda que tem despertado interesse por também apresentar atividade antitumoral. Ambos serão utiliizados ao decorrer deste trabalho para teste de suas propriedades antitumorais. OBJETIVO: Preparar microemulsões de lapachol produzidas com fibroína da seda sobre a atividade antitumoral em células de camundongo de glioma c6 in vitro. METODOLOGIA: o lapachol (LP) foi extraído da casca do ipê-roxo por métodos químicos e identificado molecularmente por Cromatografia Gasosa e Ressonância Magnética Nuclear 1H. A fibroína foi extraída do bicho-da-seda e utilizada nesse estudo. Em seguida foram preparadas duas soluções, uma nanoemulsão com lapachol e tween (NLP) e uma microemulsão lapachol, fibroína e tween (LP-SF) utilizando como componente aquoso a solução de fibroína desenvolvida no laboratório de Biocatálise e Síntese orgânica. Além disso, soluções brancas também foram preparadas para excluir a inteferência do tween e DMSO no teste. Testes in vitro foram realizados no laboratório de Neuroquímica Molecular e Celular da Universidade Federal do Pará em células tumorais de glioma C6, cultivadas por 72 H e posteriormente eram submetidas a teste em placas de 96 poços com lapachol (LP), Nanoemulsão de Lapachol (NLP) e Microemulsão lapachol e fibroína (LP-SF) para analisar o potencial antitumoral, pela técnica de viabilidade celular (MTT). Para analisar a toxicidade dos compostos em contato com as células, realizou-se o teste de MTT em células sadias da glia nas concentrações de 10, 25, 50, 75 e 100 µg/ml. Também foi realizado o teste de hemólise que objetivava analisar se as nanoemulsões eram prejudiciais às células sanguíneas. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: as análises espectroscópicas de cromatografia gasosa e ressonância magnética nuclear confirmaram o lapachol. Nanoformulações foram desenvolvidas com o intuito de testar sua atividade antitumoral e, se apresenta menor agressão as células. O teste de viabilidade celular (MTT) realizado sobre células de glioma C6 mostrou que LP apresentou ótima atividade antitumoral (16,8 µg/ml), conforme descrito na literatura. Porém, não tem uso constante em seres humanos devido sua alta toxicidade conforme constatado em nossos estudos. NLP apresentou viabilidade celular de 7,9 μg/ml, enquanto LP-SF apresentou a melhor atividade antitumoral comparada as duas soluções apresentando viabilidade celular na maior concentração de 3,5 µg/ml. Apesar de apresentar uma veemente atividade antitumoral testes de MTT em células sadias da glia evidenciaram que NLP apresentou baixa viabilidade celular em células sadias da glia, ou seja, além de causar morte em células de glioma também matou células sadias. LP-SF apresentou o melhor resultado no que tange ao desenvovimento de um antitumoral eficiente e que não agrida as células sadias, tornando uma droga seletiva e segura. O teste de hemólise que objetiva analisar se a droga causa morte às hemácias foi realizado e as três drogas testadas apresentaram taxa hemolítica menor que 10 μg/ml, o que é aceitável de acordo com a literatura. CONCLUSÕES: Portanto, NLP apresenta melhor atividade antitumoral do que LP, porém apresenta toxicidade às células sadias da glia, o que o torna uma droga não segura, apesar de no teste de hemólise não apresentar agressão a integridade da célula eritrocítica. LP-SF apresentou-se como uma droga eficiente como antitumoral, não apresentou toxicidade às células sadias da glia e não ofereceu dano às hemácias, caracterizandose como uma droga segura e seletiva in vitro. São necessários mais estudos, sobretudo in vivo, Resumo xi para que essa droga promissora seja testada e avaliada sua atividade antitumoral e redução de sua toxicidade comparada a LP.
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DANIEL CASTRO DA COSTA
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IN SILICO DESING OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND BETA-SECRETASE INHIBITORS AS MULTITARGET AGENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
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Data: 03/06/2020
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Alzheimer's disease (DA) is considered the main and most common agerelated dementia, accounting for 50-60% of the cases. The most commonly used pharmacotherapeutic approach for the symptomatic control of DA is the use of anticholinesterasic drugs, but lately, several research advances in the feeling of proposing new alternatives, such as multitarget drugs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to design new candidates for the AChE/BACE1 multitarget inhibitors for the treatment of DA. Methodology: For this, 17 natural products were selected from the literature with anticholinesterase activity and 1 synthetic molecule with inhibitory activity for BACE1. Subsequently, the study of molecular docking was performed using the GOLD software, followed by derivation of the pharmacophoric pattern in the PharmaGist webserver, prediction of the pharmacokinetic properties (ADME) with the QikProp module of the Schrödinger software and toxicological (TOX) by the DEREK software, finally, the hybrid prototype was designed. Results and discussion: In the study of molecular docking, it was verified that the selected compounds presented interactions of hydrogen and hydrophobic with the targets, AChE and BACE1. When performing the derivation of the pharmacophoric pattern, 9 molecules were aligned presenting 3 pharmacophoric regions: an aromatic ring, an electron acceptor region and a hydrophobic region. A good result of the molecules was observed in relation to the pharmacokinetic properties and toxicological, not presenting mutagenicity and carcigenocity. After the hybridization process, three hybrid molecules were obtained, which showed inhibitory activity for both targets. Conclusions: It is concluded that research in the field of medicinal chemistry is advancing, increasingly towards the discovery of new drug candidates that bring a better quality of life to patients with AD. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Anticholinesterasic; β-secretase; Molecular modeling. Acknowledgements: Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (PharmedChem); Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP).
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ÍCARO RODRIGUES SARQUIS
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OBTAINING FORMULATIONS CONTAINING OIL FROM Carapa guianensis Aublt. AND SILK FIBROIN ACTIVE IN Aedes aegypti LARVES.
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Data: 21/05/2020
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Introduction: Carapa guianensis (Andiroba) oil is an important natural resource widely used in the Amazon due to its medicinal properties, including protection and repellency against insects that transmit diseases such as the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Due to its lipyl profile,
C. guianenesis oil is promising for biocatalytic applications that can improve its use in biological systems. Objective: To use biocatalytic techniques in C. guianensis oil for applications in active formulations against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. Methodology: Oils were collected at different times and transesterification hydrolysis reactions and direct amidation were performed using Candida antarctica lipase immobilized in acrylic resin (CALB Novozyme 435®, 5,000 U) as a catalyst. The products generated were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and used in emulsions and nanoemulsions, these were characterized according to particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential, then they were tested in a controlled environment against A. aegypti larvae in concentrations of 25,
50 , 75 and 100 µg / mL, mortality was assessed at 24 and 48 hours. Results and discussions: The lipid profile of the oils was shown to be different by the time of colerta. Fatty acids were used in the preparation of nanoemulsions using fibroin as a surfactant, ethyl esters were used to form nanoemulsions without surfactants, fatty amides were used as surfactants in nanoemulsions with C.guianensis oil, the particle sizes were 3124 nm, 130 nm and 120 nm respectively. Conclusions: The products obtained through the biocatalytic
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LENIR CABRAL CORREIA
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Virtual screening based on phytocannabinoids for anti-obesity activity
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Data: 13/03/2020
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Introduction: The search for pharmacological alternatives to combat obesity is based on the development of compounds that assist in weight loss, being used safely and effectively for a long period. The endocannabinoid system is related to obesity, increasing orexigenic signs and reducing satiety signs. In silico evaluation through virtual screening and molecular modeling of Cannabis sativa phytocannabinoids for this purpose stems from their polypharmaceutical potential and the existence of synthetic cannabinoid drugs that have already shown this result. Objective: Perform virtual screening based on the phytocannabinoid pharmacophore of C. sativa, to search for anti-obesity agents with the potential to interact with the cannabinoid receptor 1 (rCB1). Methodology: The virtual screening included the prediction of biological activity, the evaluation of the physico-chemical, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of cannabinoids (to obtain a reference pharmacophore) and ZINC molecules, as well as molecular docking in rCB1 (PDB: 5U09). Results and discussion: The pharmacophore obtained revealed a 5-point model, with a hydrogen acceptor region and four hydrophobic regions, and this was submitted to the ZINC server for virtual screening, where 78 molecules were obtained that signaled antagonistic activity on rCB1, in addition to anti-obesity activity. Among the ZINC molecules evaluated, after analysis of their physical-chemical, pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles, the ZINC33053402 and ZINC19084698 pointed out as promising anti-obesity agents. Conclusions: The best profile of the ZINC molecules screened to act as an antagonist of rCB1 in peripheral anti-obesity activity were: ZINC33053402 and ZINC19084698 (for presenting a key bond for the blocking of the anandamide endocannabinoid agonist) and high GoldScore. In addition, these molecules have a possible factor favorable to the safety of using a cannabinoid antagonist at the peripheral level, due to their pharmacokinetic profile, which can overcome the barriers of adverse effects inherent to this pharmacological class.
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ESTER PAULITSCH TRINDADE
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Standardization and Characterization of dry Muirapuama Root Extract (Ptychopetalum olacoides Benth)
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Data: 17/02/2020
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Introduction: Muirapuama (Ptychopetalum olacoides BENTH) is an Amazonian plant used for various therapeutic purposes as well as having aphrodisiac effect, giving it great pharmacological potential. “Green” analytical methodologies have gained strength today as characterize the development and enhancement techniques less harmful to the environment by reducing the use of toxic reagents, time, energy and costs. Such methodologies are essential for the quality control of products with regard to the characterization of phytochemicals aspects of the plant. Objective: To standardize the drying process from the ethanolic extract of Muirapuama root and to characterize it through green analytical techniques. Methodology: Dry extracts were obtained by spray drying first without the addition of adjuvant, then at a ratio of 1: 1 extract/adjuvant. Then the 2³ factorial design was performed to optimize the technological properties of the dry extract. These were characterized by UHPLC, NIR and SEM. Total flavonoid content was expressed as mgEQ (quercetin equivalent) per milligram of extract. Results and Discussions: the drying process was efficient, with higher yield for the 1: 1 sample and samples with higher percentage of added adjuvant. The UHPLC analyzes showed that there is no statistical significance for the factorial design variables, indicating a total flavonoid content compatible with that found in the literature for hydroalcoholic extracts. The developed NIR method is effective in differentiating between dry extracts with and without adjuvant, but not to quantify them. SEM images show that samples with higher concentration of adjuvant have better morphological characteristics and lower moisture absorption rate. Conclusions: It was evidenced that the drying process can be optimized and that the green analytical methodologies optimize the analysis time, generate less residues and can be applied in the quality control of herbal medicines. Keywords: Ptychopetalum olacoides. Green analytical chemistry. Spray drying. Dry extract. UHPLC. NIR. SEM. Muirapuama.
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ESTER PAULITSCH TRINDADE
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Standardization and Characterization of dry Muirapuama Root Extract (Ptychopetalum olacoides Benth)
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Data: 17/02/2020
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Introduction: Muirapuama (Ptychopetalum olacoides BENTH) is an Amazonian plant used for various therapeutic purposes as well as having aphrodisiac effect, giving it great pharmacological potential. “Green” analytical methodologies have gained strength today as characterize the development and enhancement techniques less harmful to the environment by reducing the use of toxic reagents, time, energy and costs. Such methodologies are essential for the quality control of products with regard to the characterization of phytochemicals aspects of the plant. Objective: To standardize the drying process from the ethanolic extract of Muirapuama root and to characterize it through green analytical techniques. Methodology: Dry extracts were obtained by spray drying first without the addition of adjuvant, then at a ratio of 1: 1 extract/adjuvant. Then the 2³ factorial design was performed to optimize the technological properties of the dry extract. These were characterized by UHPLC, NIR and SEM. Total flavonoid content was expressed as mgEQ (quercetin equivalent) per milligram of extract. Results and Discussions: the drying process was efficient, with higher yield for the 1: 1 sample and samples with higher percentage of added adjuvant. The UHPLC analyzes showed that there is no statistical significance for the factorial design variables, indicating a total flavonoid content compatible with that found in the literature for hydroalcoholic extracts. The developed NIR method is effective in differentiating between dry extracts with and without adjuvant, but not to quantify them. SEM images show that samples with higher concentration of adjuvant have better morphological characteristics and lower moisture absorption rate. Conclusions: It was evidenced that the drying process can be optimized and that the green analytical methodologies optimize the analysis time, generate less residues and can be applied in the quality control of herbal medicines. Keywords: Ptychopetalum olacoides. Green analytical chemistry. Spray drying. Dry extract. UHPLC. NIR. SEM. Muirapuama.
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ESTER LOPES DE MELO
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Kefir associado ao gérmem de soja: estudo físico-químico e farmacológico in vivo (atividade ansiolítica e antidepressiva).
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Data: 14/02/2020
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Presente a anos na cultura oriental, a soja (Glycine max L. Merr.) é uma leguminosa rica em substâncias nutritivas e bioativas, como as isoflavonas, estas por se assemelharem ao estrogênio, possuem a capacidade de se ligarem aos receptores estrogênicos e apresentarem benefícios a saúde, como redução de doenças cardíacas, prevenção de câncer (próstata, mama e cólon), osteoporose e alívio dos sintomas da menopausa. O kefir é um probiótico produzido artesanalmente a partir da fermentação do seu substrato. Os grãos são uma associação simbiótica de bactérias e fungos, a bebida é levemente gaseificada e possui um gosto ácido, entre suas principais qualidades, está a restauração da flora intestinal, alívio da constipação e melhora da imunidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os perfis de liberação de isoflavonas do gérmen de soja associado a cultura de kefir e, no meio intestinal. Inicialmente será realizada extração aquosa do gérmen de soja, nos tempos de 10, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos as amostras serão filtradas e as isoflavonas agliconas genisteína, gliciteína e daidzeína serão quantificadas em cromatógrafo líquido de alta eficiência. Em seguida, utilizando as concentrações do método padronizado por Oliveira (2016), de 40 g/L de açúcar mascavo, 10 g/L de gérmen de soja e 60 g/L de kefir, fermentado à temperatura de 25°C, no 3º, 6º e 9º dias de fermentação, será analisado e quantificado o teor das isoflavonas genisteína, gliciteína e daidzeína liberadas do meio, a extração de isoflavonas será elaborada de acordo com a metodologia de Carrão-Panizzi; Favoni; Kikuchi (2002). Posteriormente será realizada análise estrutural utilizando microscópio eletrônico de varredura, as amostras de kefir e de gérmen de soja associado ao kefir serão previamente liofilizados. Será avaliado a liberação de isoflavonas do gérmen de soja associada à cultura de kefir em meio intestinal baseado no método descrito por Breynaert et al. (2015) com modificações. E será observado a liberação de isoflavonas genisteína, gliciteína e daidzeína do complexo de gérmen de soja com kefir em membrana sintética e biológica em sistema de permeação.
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